When we speak of owning knowledge, we are speaking about that which we have taken possession of for ourselves: I get it!, I understand and it is now mine. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features Press Copyright Contact us Creators . Even provisionally, we cannot say more than that in the field of modern atomic physics we have resigned ourselves, and we have done so because our representations are dependable. (Werner Heisenberg, The Picture of Nature in Contemporary Physics) The Natural Sciences as an Area of Knowledge. However, the heliocentric theory proved that the earth was spherical and the sun was at the center of the cosmos. 15. If sufficient reasons are not given, we doubt the truth of the claim being made. Your rationale for establishing the relations between the objects/images will be based on the principle of sufficient reason and will demonstrate and answer the questions what, why, and how. Our tragic literature, on the other hand, demonstrates the implications of the lack of self-knowledge in its heroes actions which ultimately lead to their demise in most cases. We may all have private experiences that are unique to us and that we consider knowledge, but unless they are shared with others, we cannot be secure that they are knowledge. In the examples that I frequently use from the Greeks, all of them are translations of that language. Originally it did not have any connection with numbers, per se. they are not underway towards something because they already possess knowledge of the things about which they deliberate and those things are the things which are permanent. 128 7 When one reads modern essays, doctoral theses, and other research in most areas of knowledge, one finds that there are no references from, say, before 1980 in the research. Such a lack of knowledge is not crucial to our well-being or survival. Obviously, the societies of which we are members determine what knowledge is and what types of knowledge will be considered valuable. 16. Opinion is an orientation towards things as they would show themselves to a correct investigation and examination. In TOK we are asked to put questions to what we think we know and how we think we know. Thus, the choices of image or objects for this prompt, and the conclusions to be arrived at, are almost unlimited. It is what you are doing in your Exhibition which we can say is an event. Reasons must be rendered to human beings who determine objects as objects by way of a representation that judges. The bias in the production of knowledge will be determined by the ends that have been chosen which will, in turn, determine the methods in which those ends will be achieved, usually unethical ones. The history of what is called objectivity begins with the French philosopher Rene Descartes and through him, what we callhumanism, human beings as the centre of all that is. This type of speaking in under great threat in todays world. 13. and For what purpose? This system is called the technological in other areas of this writing. You also create a document with the title of your IA prompt, images of the three objects, and you will also provide a commentary on each object that identifies each object and its specific real-world context. It is this gap in our knowledge of what is our own and what is not that is a great mystery for us if we give thought to it. They are considered experts because they have that knowledge by acquaintance with the subject matter upon which they speak. The philosophical tradition believed that there was a knowledge which was accessible through reason that was permanent and unchanging, a truth that would be true in all times and all places about the most important things. First order claims are those that are made within particular areas of knowledge or by individual knowers about the world, or in this specific case, about the importance of tools in producing knowledge and acquiring knowledge in the various areas of knowledge. The word will here is like how we use it in free will, in that it means "a causation leading to a desired effect/result". People were willing, and still are willing, to pay outrageous prices for a product with Donald Trumps name on it even though the products themselves have been shown to be of an inferior quality. I have written extensively on imagination in the link below and suggest a reading of this writing as a possible prod to further you along in your Exhibition of this way of knowing the world. In connection with the historical development of natural science, things become objects through reason; they become material, and a point of mass in motion in space and time and the methodology used pursues the calculation of these various points. Our modern scientific knowledge in the form of quantum physics demonstrates that what has been traditionally understood as certainty regarding knowledge of nature and inquiries into nature is not possible. We impose laws to determine our behaviours in our communities. Since this is its concern, it is subject to interpretation. Our interpretations of things may be complex requiring very specialized language from various areas of knowledge or it may be simple and be provided by what we might call sound common sense. In active experience, we go forth to look for something. Infatuation is that love of the beauty which is in the eye of the beholder. But as Aristotle once said: For as the eyes of bats are to the blaze of day, so is the reason in our soul to the things which are by nature most evident of all.. How can we know that current knowledge is an improvement upon past knowledge? of mathematics and the sciences begin with the permanent things, the unchanging things and therefore are less subject to interpretation. Aleksandra Sachajko Confederate battle flag Since 1861 the Confederate flag has been a symbol of the American white supremacy, which is a belief that the white race is pure and superior to other races. In doing so, you will be viewing technology as instrumentality. Quantum physics challenges what we have understood historically as causality and the role of reason in understanding the world about us, but because its results are reliable and dependable we can count on those results as giving us all that we need to know. This calculus also determines how we view a work of art and gives rise simultaneously, during the 17th and 18th centuries, to the theory of aesthetics, how we view, define and subsequently speak about art and beauty. Dianoiais that thinking which brings separate things together and allows those things to be seen as units, ones or monads. What is this? While this prompt seems to suggest that the application of the knowledge brought forth from the technological world-view, which is the enjoining of the arts and the sciences, is somehow an individual event, there is an implication in the prompt that imagination does not, of itself, bring forth or produce knowledge about our being-in-the-world but plays a role along with other actors in bringing forth that knowledge. It is through the original unconcealment of things which allows us to do anything whatsoever: in order for us to do anything, to act upon anything, to stand in relation to any being, it must have been disclosed to us in advance what a being is in general. The main problem that you will be faced with in this prompt is that it is so broad that a focus is required, and you can begin to do so by looking at how values and beliefs changed in any number of areas of knowledge. OT 2: Language and Knowledge. What is a world-view and how does it differ from a world-picture which can be associated with mindsets, systems, subjectivity and, thus, with the various understandings of what a culture is? Each historical age has its own particular concept of greatness; and our concept of greatness is purely quantitative, the gigantic not only gigantic monuments, but the traversal of vast distances at immense velocities, etc. Logosis an assertion about something and an addressing of some thing as some thing. Experts help the societies of which they are members determine what is best to know within that society. Does some knowledge belong only to particular communities of knowers? The roles of the media in its various forms is something that will need to be addressed. AnywayToday Im joined by Theatre Teacher, Bob Scheer. (Heidegger, What is a Thing), This is an instance of the general idea that our mode of access to a type of entity, e.g. It is the final statement, nothing is without reason, that must be understood here. How is current knowledge shaped by its historical development? What makes the being of objects possible is Reason itself. We have, of course, film critics, art critics etc. 12. This is really what the writings of this entire blog are about; and this is where thought begins, not where it is finished. If you should chose this prompt, the manner in which you establish the relations that you believe exist between the three objects you have chosen will require the need to provide evidence for that relation. Judgement is the connection between what is stated with that about which a statement is made. The celebrity chefs that are so popular in media today would be consideredtechnites,not sophists. Ratio and reor can mean to take something as something, such as the leafiness of the plant, the stone as stone, etc. It must be that we feel that we have nothing to learn from the thinking that occurred before this time, or perhaps we feel that we already know the discussions that the great minds undertook regarding things in the past and that we can learn about them but not from them. (See response to Prompt #21) Religion is what we bow down to or what we look up to and self-knowledge will reveal the idols that one may look up to or bow down to. Hence, is it our ethical duty that our thoughts, beliefs and values evolve over time when new information comes to light? Turns out the most interesting topics to those around me are not necessarily in the order the IB has given them . Historicism denies this truth and it asserts that there is no truth outside of the historical contexts from which it has been produced. From world-views and world-pictures is determined what and how we understand what our personal and shared knowledge are to be. What is unknowable is as such because it is unnameable. 2. The products of Microsoft may indeed have once belonged to Bill Gates, but the knowledge that brought about those products he has taken possession of, and that knowledge and its truth is present to everyone. This choice of images or objects is your own, but the truth and knowledge in the representational thinking regarding their relation to each other will not be of your doing or making. The "brand new" TOK exhibition is worth 33% of the grades. The Greeks had a saying: The future comes to meet us from behind and it is this future that is encapsulated in the historical development of the knowledge that preceded it. This prompt is covered in greater depth under #17. But the end for the Greeks was to demonstrate why their trust was an appropriate response to the things that are and this trust overcame the doubt and skepticism that initiated their search for knowledge. But notice that the objects being spoken about must have already presented themselves to us in some fashion in order for our statements to be made about them i.e. For knowledge of that subject, I have to turn to my daughters. Tautologies are prominent in modern day computer language. The what and the how of the object is already pre-determined and the inquiry is to find an understanding of the why. 19. An adequate or good explanation usually suffices to end the ire of that tyrant that calls himself/herself a teacher! We view material tools as technology, but as our writing on technology demonstrates, while this is a correct understanding of what technology is, it does not get us to the essence of technology: the tools are the outcome of what the essence of technology is and they are brought into being because technology provides the open space for their ability to be. For example: I believe that two plus three equals five, I believe that Bill Clinton was President of the United States in 1995, and I believe that I will live another ten years. This fundamental experience of how things are comes to determine for us the manner in which we look at and experience the things we encounter here in the modern age. Is bias inevitable in the production of knowledge? Subjectivity does not mean subjectivism but is rather the dwelling of the claim of the principle of reason which has as its consequences the Information Age and the Age of Artificial Intelligence in which the particularity, separation and validity of the individual disappears in favour of total uniformity. I dont understand the link. Our being-in-the-world is permeated by a lack of knowledge. Similar explorations can be undertaken in the areas of the arts, particularly the history of the development of the arts. values or beliefs? Ancient and medieval human beings were not subjects: The worlds becoming a picture is one and the same process as mans becoming a subjectum among beings. 33. Belief {Gk. In short, your TOK exhibition is a holding forth by you demonstrating how you understand some of the key TOK terms and how you are able to apply them to the real world. But even today, the principle of reason is not clearly understood as that which determines all cognition and behaviour. 25. Can new knowledge change established values or beliefs? This need for the surety of what some thing is gives rise to our preference for mathematical calculus as that which represents knowledge in modernity. Perhaps the greatest challenge you will face is that the total word count for this document is 950 words (excluding references). If one follows through on this distinction between ignorance and madness, one can see that a great deal of madness is prevalent today in advanced societies. In determining the importance of the various tools that you may be choosing for your Exhibition, you will be making what is called a first order claim. An examination of the characteristics of the types of knowledge has been undertaken in greater depth on this prompt in this blog: https://mytok.blog/2019/11/30/ct-1-perspectives-woks/. Change being negative and positive. why must a reason be explicitly brought forward i.e. Your email address will not be published. Before the German philosopher Leibniz declaring the principle of reason astheprinciple, it lay in hiding in the darkness of our assumptions throughout Western history. henry county courthouse mcdonough, ga outshock inflatable punching bag atlantean city loomian legacy release date. 8. This revealing or bringing out from concealment of what has been buried is the correctness of our representations or what we have come to call the correspondence theory of truth. A contradiction is impossible. when so much then so much. Is there such a thing or mode of being as objectivity? Prompt: Can new knowledge change established values or beliefs? All that matters is the quality of the feeling or experience, since these experiences can have no significance for our lives or our world. To count on means that the knowledge produced can be relied upon with certainty to be that which is said about it. These cabals of knowers have power within their respective communities, so much so that some proponents of these world-pictures have become placed as the new priesthood in the communities where these world pictures thrive.