While some rectal bleeding or pain in the anal area may be a sign of anal cancer, it could also be a sign of another condition. Also, it is a good idea to warm up the body after the initial stretching with some low-intensity movements, such as walking. The sciatic nerve runs under the gluteus maximus . Other common symptoms associated with a pulled or strained gluteus maximus include tender pain, stiffness, spasms, bruising, swelling, and weakness. The glutes are muscles in the buttocks. volume5, Articlenumber:88 (2007) This content does not have an Arabic version. Usually, the pain increases with direct pressure on the side of your hip, such as lying down on that side. First, stretching before and after exercise will help. what can i do. New research has found that there may be an ideal mix of non-opioid medication that can effectively treat lower back pain in many patients. These tips may lower your risk of developing hip pain and gluteal tendinopathy: Severe, chronic pain from gluteal tendinopathy can affect your quality of life. A pain in the buttock. What is the latest research on the form of cancer Jimmy Carter has? How Viagra became a new 'tool' for young men, Ankylosing Spondylitis Pain: Fact or Fiction, Daniel Bubnis, M.S., NASM-CPT, NASE Level II-CSS, https://www.acefitness.org/education-and-resources/lifestyle/exercise-library/18/downward-facing-dog/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538193/, https://blog.nasm.org/training-benefits/lunge-effective-lower-body-training-exercise, https://www.acefitness.org/education-and-resources/professional/prosource/october-2014/5013/build-strong-glutes-and-a-pain-free-lower-back/. Kissy1979 Member Posts: 1. These tumors can be difficult to diagnose because they may be mistaken for many other types of growths. This illustration shows a soft tissue sarcoma of the thigh muscle just above the knee. Int Surg. What is the best way to treat a gluteus maximus injury? Cleveland Clinic is a non-profit academic medical center. To date, brachyury, a transcription factor of the T-box family, is a sensitive and specific marker and may serve as an important diagnostic and prognostic biomarker [10] . Niederhuber JE, et al., eds. Springer Nature. People who sit for long periods or have injuries often have tight hips. what causes it? 2015;50(4):462468. The pain may spread down the leg, through the buttocks, and groin. AJR Am J Roentgenol. Plus, get practice tests, quizzes, and personalized coaching to help you Amanda has taught high school science for over 10 years. This can result in the overstretching of the gluteus maximus, causing pain. Next: While stretches and exercises can relieve tightness in the glutes, rest is also important. Pain in the upper thighLearn about different causes of upper thigh pain, from injuries to nerve problems. https://www.cancer.gov/types/soft-tissue-sarcoma/hp/adult-soft-tissue-treatment-pdq. Skeletal Radiol. Bend the top knee so that it comes in front of the body, with the foot resting on the calf of the lower leg. Eur J Surg Oncol. Avoid repetitive activities that put a lot of pressure on your hips. Edema of low-signal intensity on T1-weighted and high-signal intensity on T2-weighted images can be observed (A, B). The disorder causes the tendon tissue to break down or deteriorate. According to the American Council on Exercise (ACE), downward dog stretches the glutes and other areas of the body, including the: According to the National Academy of Sports Medicine, the forward-leaning lunge activates the glutes better than a traditional lunge. Mayo Clinic on Incontinence - Mayo Clinic Press, NEW The Essential Diabetes Book - Mayo Clinic Press, NEW Ending the Opioid Crisis - Mayo Clinic Press, FREE Mayo Clinic Diet Assessment - Mayo Clinic Press, Mayo Clinic Health Letter - FREE book - Mayo Clinic Press, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic School of Continuous Professional Development, Mayo Clinic School of Graduate Medical Education, Book: Mayo Clinic Family Health Book, 5th Edition, Newsletter: Mayo Clinic Health Letter Digital Edition. Learn about the symptoms of anal cancer and when you should be concerned. Philadelphia, Pa.: Churchill Livingstone Elsevier; 2014. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed Aug. 11, 2017. The symptoms may worsen when sitting, sleeping, or walking up and downstairs. Generally small. You can ease symptoms and regain mobility with physical therapy. Accessed Oct. 20, 2017. enthesopathy-fancy term for tendonitis. If you are a Mayo Clinic patient, this could Potential causes include: The most notable sign of gluteal tendinopathy is moderate to severe hip pain. To perform the side-lying leg lift, a person will need a pillow. Terms and Conditions, doi:10.1016/j.rboe.2015.07.002, Jeong UC, Sim JH, Kim CY, Hwang-Bo G, Nam CW. While there are several different types of injury to the gluteus maximus muscle that can occur in many different ways, the treatments are relatively similar. Privacy Our case is notable due to unusual location, large size and presentation as painful mass. Why don't you explain what happened? Doctors typically provide answers within 24 hours. Goldman L, et al., eds. information highlighted below and resubmit the form. Severe hip pain that interferes with daily activities or sleep. As many as 1 in 3 people with lower back pain also develop hip pain from gluteal tendinopathy. But the pain is usually more severe and chronic with gluteal tendinopathy. Stand on a step or a stable raised platform. The GP had a feel and was not sure so sent me for an ultrasound. The muscle tightens to aid with the forward movement of the body. This leads to pain, making it difficult to sit on the buttocks, or stand and/or walk normally because of the decreased range of motion of the hip. Your tendons are strong, flexible tissues that connect your muscles to your bones. An apophysis is a growth plate and the point on a bone where muscles are attached. This entails your doctor putting on a glove and examining your rectum for any anomalies with a lubricated finger. Next, the CT findings of amorphous calcification without soft tissue mass and possible cortical erosion at the femoral enthesis of the gluteus medius muscle are highly suggestive of . However, this may not be true for possible hypervascular tumors as in the current case. Many conditions, including gluteal tendinopathy, can cause hip pain. World J Surg Onc 5, 88 (2007). However, any injury to the GM typically displays the following gluteus maximus injury symptoms: Pain and stiffness in the buttock area. Stretches for tight hips: Tips and how to do them, pain or tightness in the lower back and knees, sore or tight hips or hamstrings, which sit at the backs of the upper legs, not stretching or warming up before exercise. The pain usually occurs on one side of the buttocks. Learn about the causes of anal swelling and what treatment options are, Injections of spinal disc tissue into the spine may relieve pain associated with degenerative disc disease, according to preliminary results of a. https:www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Ruiz JL, Vera C, Server G, Osca JM, Boronat F, Jimenez Cruz JF: Renal cell carcinoma: late recurrence in 2 cases. J Phys Ther Sci. 2023 BioMed Central Ltd unless otherwise stated. How long does it take to build muscle in the gluteus maximus by doing squats? Patient: So, I was riding my bike and hit a patch of ice. Teach Me Anatomy. The resected tumor was composed of alveolar proliferation of carcinoma cells with clear cytoplasm and small round-shaped nucleoli (Fuhrman grade 2), resembling the previously resected RCC, suggesting metastatic RCC (Figure 3). Part of You may also experience lower back pain, groin pain or gluteal pain. The gluteus maximus is a thick fleshy muscle with a quadrangular shape. I sincerely hope that your news was better than mine! tingling, or weakness in their legs. The metastasis had been overlooked for several years. In this activity, you will be writing a dialogue between a patient and a doctor. The pain often starts at the greater trochanter at the top of your thighbone. Gluteal tendinopathy affects the tendons that connect to your buttocks muscles. Click here for an email preview. MRI features of metastatic RCC to the skeletal muscle may show high-signal intensity on T1- and T2-weighted MRI [7], as seen in the current case. Dr. Matthew Solhjem answered Radiation Oncology 23 years experience Tear. Hip pain can occur if the abdominal muscles or lower back muscles are weak. Unbearable period pain is not sual, and people who experience regular severe period pain should seek help from a doctor. Some people also find that physical therapy can help with the pain and discomfort from iliac crest pain. Buttock sarcomas present special surgical difficulties because of proximity of the sciatic nerve and the ability of tumors at this site to extend into the pelvis and perineum. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. I feel like its a lifeline. 1993 , 20 (2): 247-262. Elzanie, A., & Borger, J. We also take a look at the steps that can be taken to reduce, treat, and prevent this pain. The errors make cells grow and divide out of control. Your in-depth coping with cancer guide will be in your inbox shortly. Gluteal tendinopathy is a type of tendon disorder in your hips and buttocks area (gluteal region). Iliac crest pain tends to make movement difficult. receive emails from Mayo Clinic on the latest about cancer news, research, and care. 20th ed. bone cancer causes iliac crest pain. thanks? If iliac crest pain does not go away with these home treatments, a person should speak to a doctor about other ways to manage the pain. Free Neurovascular Latissimus Dorsi Muscle Transplantation for Reconstruction of Hip Abductors. The glutes are muscles that connect the lower back to the legs. These muscles run from your hipbone (pelvis) to your greater trochanter. Pain in the tailbone trigger point is associated with pain in the coccyx (tailbone). The degree of pain and discomfort depends on the severity of the injury. The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). What Causes Anal Swelling and How Can I Treat It? The glutes consist of three muscles: the gluteus minimus, gluteus medius, and the gluteus maximus. what is periostitis along the gluteal tuberosity caused by? I have an inflammation in the maximus gluteus muscle caused by a 2 year old ski fall. The fact that the lesion was capsulated by a thin area as seen on MRI also supported the diagnosis. Some contributing factors include: Several stretches and exercises can relieve tightness in the glutes and prevent the issue from returning. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. In this article, we discuss some of the best hamstring stretches, including, Running works many leg muscles and also puts a strain on the knees and back. As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over 88,000 Making a diagnosis of metastatic RCC to the skeletal muscle is challenging, because the site is unpredictable, in addition to it being rare. Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Your dialogue should include an extensive description from the patient about how the injury occurred and the symptoms. The site is secure. 1990, 75 (3): 198-202. Video chat with a U.S. board-certified doctor 24/7 in less than one minute for common issues such as: colds and coughs, stomach symptoms, bladder infections, rashes, and more. Would you like email updates of new search results? Please note, we cannot prescribe controlled substances, diet pills, antipsychotics, or other abusable medications. The UKs National Health Service (NHS) advises people to try the following: Some risk factors for iliac crest pain include: Several exercises and stretches may help to treat and prevent iliac crest pain. Compression bandages are available online. However, seek medical care for any severe or persistent pain or swelling. If the supporting leg feels as if it may cave at the knee, this is a sign of tight glutes. LisaL Member Posts: 1. (2011). .st3 { Trauma can damage the iliac crest, such as a fall or car accident. Exercises and other home remedies may provide relief. Cold compresses are available for purchase online. Numbness in the buttocks may be caused by a medical condition, such as piriformis syndrome or a pinched nerve. Our website is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. The gluteus medius muscle is a broad, thick, and strong fan-shaped muscle located in the upper hip, just below the gluteus maximus (buttocks). In general, cancer occurs when cells develop errors (mutations) in their DNA. MeSH }. .st0 { Get unlimited access to over 88,000 lessons. succeed. ErrorSelect All rights reserved. doi:10.1589/jpts.27.3813. Linn JF, Fichtner J, Voges G, Schweden F, Storkel S, Hohenfellner R: Solitary contralateral psoas metastasis 14 years after radical nephrectomy for organ confined renal cell carcinoma. Another common symptom of a gluteal tear is dropping your pelvis to one side when you walk. The gluteus maximus muscle lies over top of the gluteus medius and gluteus minimus, which is why its responsible for making up the buttocks and defining their shape. World Journal of Surgical Oncology The effects of gluteus muscle strengthening exercise and lumbar stabilization exercise on lumbar muscle strength and balance in chronic low back pain patients. Small lump in buttock. Gluteus maximus is the largest and heaviest muscle in the human body. DOI: Villalba H, et al. Weight changes, including unintended loss or gain. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Visible swelling or bruising. If the hamstring is not stretched first, the gluteus maximus can be affected. A CT scan or MRI may be recommended if a person has continued pain or if the pain is severe. Cookies policy. For these, please consult a doctor (virtually or in person). I would definitely recommend Study.com to my colleagues. Educational text answers on HealthTap are not intended for individual diagnosis, treatment or prescription. Eur Urol. Below are the links to the authors original submitted files for images. How Viagra became a new 'tool' for young men, Ankylosing Spondylitis Pain: Fact or Fiction, https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/0515/p610.html, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6707638/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK448172/, https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/iliac-crest, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7954157/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557509/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538258/. All rights reserved. Epithelioid sarcoma: the clinicopathological complexities of this rare soft tissue sarcoma. Advertising on our site helps support our mission. The lesion had a rather regular border to the surrounding gluteus maximus muscle, and was capsulated by a thin area with low-signal intensity on both T1- and T2-weighted images (Figure 2A2H). Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has widespread and unpredictable metastatic potential [1], even after curative nephrectomy is performed [2, 3], RCC is able to metastasize to virtually any site. To make sure your dialogue has all the necessary parts, check the criteria for success below. (2020). In: Abeloff's Clinical Oncology. If you are having pain in the lower extremities and think your gluteus maximus may be the cause, its important to make an appointment with a physical therapist. Faltico GG, Torquato DF, Roim TC, Takata ET, de Castro Pochini A, Ejnisman B. Gluteal pain in athletes: how should it be investigated and treated? The 2-year overall and disease-free survival rates were 64.1% (SE, 6.7%) and 48.5% (SE, 6.4%), respectively. A person with tight glutes might experience: pain in the pelvis or buttocks. There were 8 T1 and 61 T2 tumors, and size was not available in 4 patients. PubMed Gluteus Minimus Pain | Stretches, Treatment & Symptoms, Iliacus Muscle Dysfunction: Symptoms & Injuries, Fractured or Broken Sacrum: Symptoms, Treatment & Recovery, Pectineus Muscle Pain & Strain | Symptoms, Treatment & Recovery, Biceps Femoris Strain, Tear or Rupture: Symptoms & Treatment, Levator Scapulae Syndrome: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment, VMO Muscle | Vastus Medialis Pain, Exercises & Injury, Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Tendinitis: Symptoms & Treatment, Brachialis Tendonitis: Symptoms & Treatment, Blood Clot in Groin | Symptoms, Pain & Treatment, Soleus Muscle Pain, Strain or Tear: Causes & Treatment, Bursae Knee Pain: Inflamed & Ruptured Bursa Sac, Splenius Capitis Syndrome | Causes, Symptoms & Treatment, What Is Neuropathy? Kneel on one knee with the other bent in front of you and your hands on your hips. Sarcoma centers. Tightness in the glutes can worsen athletic performance by: In most cases, rest and targeted stretching can relieve tightness in the glutes and associated discomfort. SuM, YO and YH and conceived of the study. Common symptoms of iliolumbar syndrome include persistent bouts of severe pain in the lower back that can spread to the hip and groin. Regular walking, in an average person, does not typically target strength training in the gluteus maximus, though the gluteus maximus does help promote balance when walking (as well as other activities) by helping keep the pelvis balanced and assisting in keeping your posture upright. Keep exercise routines balanced, and make sure to include exercises for all the major muscle groups, including those in the legs. We did not perform a biopsy in the current case, since the MRI features of the tumor were compatible with metastatic RCC to the skeletal muscle. Warming up the body before activity will reduce the occurrence of a pulled or strained gluteus maximus. The type of cell that develops the genetic mutation determines what type of soft tissue sarcoma you have. Liposarcoma (n = 19), leiomyosarcoma (n = 13), and synovial sarcoma (n = 9) were the most frequent histological types. To establish that the product manufacturers addressed safety and efficacy standards, we: We do the research so you can find trusted products for your health and wellness. You may get an MRI or ultrasound to look for tendon injuries or inflammation. Post-workout stretching can help prevent injury and tightness. Ilium apophysitis occurs in children and adolescents. solid mass in my gluteus maximus. Modify or take a break from activities like running that irritate your hips. For cancer subtypes, the strongest association between celiac disease and cancer was found for hematologic, lymphoproliferative and gastrointestinal cancers. It has been reported that hemangioma can be differentiated from other malignant soft-tissue tumors by the existence of lobulation, septation, and central low-signal intensity [12]. Tightness in this area can cause pain and difficulty moving, but certain stretches can help. government site. Pain may also be initiated by swimming or other sporting activities. 1990, 76 (4): 407-409. Pain in the lower trigger point occurs when there is a deep tenderness across the entire buttock region and can cause stabbing pain while sitting. Stage 4 NSCLC symptoms may vary based on the location of tumors and how far the cancer has spread. Can poor sleep impact your weight loss goals? Slowly raise the knee upward, keeping the foot on the calf. pais is lessened when standing, but getting almost unbearable on sitting or lying down.? 2000 Apr;7(3):218-25. doi: 10.1007/BF02523657. This can mean reduced blood flow, flexibility, range of motion, and less nerve and muscle function. There are many conditions that can cause buttock area pain including: If you are experiencing buttock pain and believe you may be at risk for cancer, consult with your doctor and mention your concerns. health information, we will treat all of that information as protected health Researchers say antidepressants are effective in treating mental health symptoms, but they don't appear to be effective in easing chronic pain. Return to the starting position and repeat on the other side. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. The gluteus maximus slopes at a 45-degree angle from the pelvis to the buttocks, then inserts at the gluteal tuberosity of femur and the iliotibial tract. A healthcare professional will then examine the hip area for signs of bruising, swelling, tenderness, and pain. GTPS can also be caused by inflammation of the glute med and minimum tendons, as well as inflammation of the bursa. Research has shown an increased risk of developing cancer for those with gluten sensitivity who fail to follow a strict gluten free diet. Stretching and strengthening the glutes can prevent tightness, help relieve pain and other symptoms, and reduce the risk of injury. If the glutes become tight or injured, it can lead to pain in several areas of the body. Wearing good-quality shoes while exercising and increasing muscle strength can help prevent iliac crest pain. National Cancer Institute. The gluteal strain can be graded as minimal, moderate or severe. In conclusion, we present the case of a 65-year-old man with metastatic RCC to the gluteus maximus muscle. Can diet help improve depression symptoms? Your family doctor can refer you to one. Six years after the nephrectomy (when he was 65 years old), a routine checkup using computed tomography (CT) of the chest and abdomen detected a small mass in the gluteus maximus muscle. Injury, exercising without warming up and cooling down, and poor posture are some possible causes of tightness in the glutes. For example, angiosarcoma begins in the lining of blood vessels, while liposarcoma arises from fat cells. Correspondence to Accessed Aug. 11, 2017. 2002 Jun;28(4):437-42. doi: 10.1053/ejso.2002.1267. Hii have gluteus maximus syndrome .. how can i treat it ! anal fissures hemorrhoids genital warts constipation muscle strain or sprain Outlook If you are experiencing buttock pain and believe you may be at risk for cancer, consult with your doctor and. You may drop your pelvis toward the hip that doesn't hurt to try to take weight off your injured hip. Tendon compression due to a fall or another type of accident. Sometimes painful. The location of the pain depends on its underlying cause, but the most common symptom is lower back pain. They stretch between the lower back and the thighs and help with movements such as walking, climbing stairs, and squatting. Summary background data: Glutamine is the most abundant amino acid in the blood and tissues. Akio Sakamoto. These support lower body movement. Anal fissure: A common cause of anal pain. Maintaining a high degree of suspicion of metastatic RCC is required for patients with a history of RCC. other information we have about you. information submitted for this request. The tumor is primarily involving the gluteus medius muscle. Sacco R, Laleve M, Pellegrino P, Ferro A, Yasmine B, Andr G, Matthieu G, Hamza A, Piana R, Dujardin F. Surg Oncol. Cancer. Slowly increasing the amount of squats and start with body weight th YOU- do not treat yourself, rather get seen, examined and tested by your physician. Hi, Yes. Seetharam M (expert opinion). Wrapping the area in a compression bandage and elevating the injured area above the heart can also reduce swelling. Recovery care includes heat application, mild stretching involving hip flexion, and mild strengthening exercises. The rate of local recurrence at 2 years was 20.9% (SE, 6.8%). For potential or actual medical emergencies, immediately call 911 or your local emergency service. Sit for a prolonged time or sit cross-legged. These signal intensities seem to be characteristic for metastatic RCC to the skeletal muscle, even in other previous reports where such points were not emphasized by the authors [8, 11]. Sarcoma Alliance. The muscle does this by controlling the hip joint and thigh to maintain balance while walking or running. Stand on one leg like when you pull on a pair of pants. https://www.cancer.gov/types/soft-tissue-sarcoma/hp/child-soft-tissue-treatment-pdq. Students should research possible injuries that could cause damage to the gluteus maximus to ensure that the conversation is scientifically accurate. Targeted stretching and exercise can help relieve tightness and related pain and prevent the issue from returning. We wish to emphasize the MRI features of metastatic RCC to the skeletal muscle, which could be beneficial in differentiating metastatic RCC from primary soft-tissue tumor. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted This includes the femur (also known as the thighbone) and the iliotibial tract or band, which is made up of connective tissue that runs up the thigh. Furthermore, cases of metastasis arising long after nephrectomy have been reported [2, 5]. In cases of ilium apophysitis, a doctor may recommend anti-inflammatory medication if RICE does not ease the pain. Check out these best-sellers and special offers on books and newsletters from Mayo Clinic Press. ( 02) Stabilizing your femur (thighbone) Your femur connects to your hip socket, which is supported from the back by your glute muscles. Although the degree of enhancement depends upon the type of sequence and the delay after contrast injection, early dense venous drainage [8], due to an arteriovenous shunt in RCC [7] might reduce the time for Gadolinium to reach the tissue in order for it to be effective, resulting in mild enhancement. Google Scholar. doi: 10.1097/GOX.0000000000001498. The superior gluteal artery transports blood from the heart to the glutes. De Beuckeleer LH, De Schepper AM, Vandevenne JE, Bloem JL, Davies AM, Oudkerk M, Hauben E, Van Marck E, Somville J, Vanel D, Steinbach LS, Guinebretiere JM, Hogendoorn PC, Mooi WJ, Verstraete K, Zaloudek C, Jones H: MR imaging of clear cell sarcoma (malignant melanoma of the soft parts): a multicenter correlative MRI-pathology study of 21 cases and literature review. The lunge - An effective lower body training exercise. Lump or area of thickening that can be felt under the skin. The content on this site is for informational purposes only. Metastatic RCC to the skeletal muscle must be differentiated from primary soft-tissue tumors. In cases where malignancy is proven by biopsy, the puncture tract should be excised in order to avoid tumor seeding. My mom was diagnosed in Feb. w/Soft tissue sarcoma (specifically PNET). What type do U have.where is mass? Learn about several causes of hip pain at night. The histological features of these two lesions have similar aspects of rich cytoplasm. 1981, 126 (1): 17-23. Buttock tumors occurring in adults (>16 years) between January 1990 and January 2002 were identified from the Royal Marsden Hospital's Sarcoma Unit prospective database. In the current case, the characteristic features of MRI for metastatic RCC were beneficial in differentiating it from primary soft-tissue tumor, because most cases of primary soft-tissue tumor have low- to iso-signal intensity relative to the skeletal muscle on T1-weighted images and high-signal intensity on T2-weighted images. Before The differential diagnosis included sarcoma, old hematoma, proliferative myositis and lymphoma. This area may feel tender to touch. The doctor should examine the patient, diagnose the injury and prescribe a treatment plan. Once in a sitting position, the pain stops. Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. The sciatic nerve runs under the gluteus maximus, from the lower back down to the leg, and is often the culprit for nerve pain in that area. The pudendal nerve, which is the main nerve of the perineum, runs under the gluteus maximus muscle. McNichols DW, Segura JW, DeWeerd JH: Renal cell carcinoma: long-term survival and late recurrence. Can gluteus maximus be regenerated after 1/3 has been surgically removed due to benign tumor? Google Scholar. Also, symptoms of cancer, such as weight loss, may lead to broad testing that identifies celiac disease, the authors wrote. Its three trigger points, the medial trigger point, the lower trigger point, and the 'tailbone' trigger point, of the gluteus maximus muscle can cause tenderness or stabbing pain when moving or during prolonged sitting. We link primary sources including studies, scientific references, and statistics within each article and also list them in the resources section at the bottom of our articles.