A long piece of ribbon wired along both long edges is twisted into a helix and wrapped around individual pipe cleaners that have been rolled into spools; this grouping is then twisted (super coiled) again to condense it. c) I e. They induce suppression of the immune response by causing T cells to undergo apoptosis. the virus uses the host cell to replicate itself. The radish cells were hypertonic to the water in which they were soaking. b. T cells; CD4 a. A metabolic poison that specifically attacks nerve cells is a _______________. 13-9 Which of the following statements regarding herpes simplex virus is false? 5. Capitalism is an economic system that operates under the. 13-34 Which of the following explains why Streptococcus pneumoniae can infect an individual recurrently? b. diffusion. - suggests a "better safe than sorry" approach of social responsibility to protect the public from harm in the face of scientific uncertainty answer choices they need genetic material They need a host cell They need bacteria They need insulin 180 seconds. d. phagocytosis. a. plasma membrane. So, the water osmosed across the plasma membranes out of the radish cells decreasing the turgor pressure inside of the cells and making them crunchier. b) casing e. All of the choices are correct. e. cytokine and cytokine receptor production. Which one of the following statements best describes the role of B cells and T cells in the human body? Chytridiomycosis (or chytrid fungus) is an ecological disease that affects amphibians and is ______. b. Viral genomes consist of what type of nucleic acid molecules? a. a. Toxoplasma gondii A) A disease is traditionally diagnosed and treated by a nurse. Which of the following statements accurately describes the path of oxygenated blood? 13-32 A deficiency in _____ causes a condition that closely resembles X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency and is characterized by inefficient cytokine signaling. How would the affect the HIV infection cycle? d. integrase b. chronic granulomatous disease a worldwide (or very widespread) epidemic. d. The water will not move at all because the water concentrations are isotonic. IV. This cell is weighed and then placed in a beaker of 3 percent iodine dissolved in water. Which of the following statements accurately explains why tissue repair mechanisms may make those tissues more susceptible to cancer? ** see figure. Potential routes of exposure to toxins in the environment. This is because the solution on the left side of the figure is hypertonic while the solution on the right side of the figure is hypotonic. How do these molecules arrange themselves to form a mostly impermeable barrier between a liposome and its environment? Viruses contain DNA, so they are alive. Chloropyrifos - Used as a pesticide System management program c. Utility program d. Encryption. c. converts sunlight into chemical energy. transcriptional regulators of HLA class II loci. - Combined effects of exposure to multiple toxins. True or false: According to the World Health Organization (WHO) definition of health, we are all ill to some extent. Oil-soluble types - These substances need a carrier molecule to move through the environment, but once they are inside cells they likely accumulate and persist. - misunderstanding probabilities about harm from a hazard 13-9 Which of the following statements regarding herpes simplex virus is false? b. pinocytosis The science involved in determining whether endocrine disrupters are harmful shows how establishing public policy is difficult. True or false: Conservation medicine refers to efforts by biologists to treat sick or injured wildlife. Which of these sentences properly describes the difference between bioaccumulation and biomagnification? The dose-response curve shown here describes which of these ideas? no longer just for the wealthy, as they are now becoming common in the developing world. Which of the following statements explain why your evil roommate may have flare-ups for the rest of their life? c. semipermeable They capture energy from sunlight. a. CD40 ligand Proviruses form immediately after the RNA genome assembles with viral proteins and infectious irons are produced, 13-68 The pol gene of HIV produces all of the following except _____. d. HIV is transferred from an infected person to an uninfected recipient Match each of the following factors to how it influences whether a particular chemical will prove to be dangerous. 13-37 An epidemic affects _____, whereas a pandemic affects _____. O The envelope helps protect viruses exposed to heat and/or detergents. What is the most likely reason for the disagreement? a) interference with viral replication - do not damage or kill living organisms by reacting with cellular components to disrupt metabolic functions The epidermis layer functions like a covering of skin to protect the leaf while vascular bundles carry water and nutrients through the leaf. 1. Yes; without organelles, prokaryotic cells cannot photosynthesize or respire. True or false: The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that though 90 percent of all disease burden occurs in developing nations only about 10 percent of health care dollars are spent there. A.) They are much less sensitive to ______ than regular rats, so studies using them are highly suspect. c. the garbage truck that hauls away the wastes produced as a product is made c) II d) Vertical transmission is the spread of viruses from trees and tall plants to bushes and other smaller plants, and horizontal transmission is the spread of viruses among plants of similar size. The leading reasons for nonrational risk perception include ______. B cells; CR2 d. lysosomes, The leaves of a plant typically have different tissue layers that function in different ways. How can a single sheet of Polaroid film be used to show that the sky is partially polarized? Examine the figure below. True or false: Mortality refers to being ill, whereas morbidity refers to dying from a disease. Bacteria injects DNA into a host cell. The viral replication cycle can produce dramatic biochemical and structural changes in the host cell, which may cause cell damage. They are repelled by the hydrophilic heads of the phospholipids that form the phospholipid bilayer. A mutation in the gene encoding the integrase enzyme (the protein that inserts the dsDNA into a host cell's DNA) renders the protein non-functional. A virus does not have a cell wall, nucleus, and eats. This study aims to present a robust numerical model by . It is rising in both developing and developed countries. a. the phagosome; inhibition of fusion of the phagosome with the lysosome Which of the following statements correctly describes one difference between vertical and horizontal transmission of plant viruses? Which cell that was viewed is most likely a prokaryote. a. lymphocytes and platelets Question 12. The water will mostly move from side "A" to side "B" because the water concentration is higher on side "A.". A Pre-Audited Token Launchpad on the Binance Smart Chain (BSC). Which of the following statements accurately describes how endocrine disrupters affect us? Which of the following statements are reasonable conclusions that can be drawn from a recent headline that announced the discovery of 23 pesticides in 16 food samples? - Members of a population vary in sensitivity to a toxin. b. the virus is able to transform into a host cell. A white blood cell (WBC) encounters bacteria in a scrape on the knee of a child who has fallen off of his bicycle. c. Substances can only pass through the membrane with the help of either active or passive transport proteins. 20. The heaviest burden of illness is borne by ______. a. Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome caused by deficiency of WASP a) They can be spread via the plasmodesmata. e. agammaglobulinemia caused by deficiency of Bruton's tyrosine kinase B. HIV is able to hide from the immune system. Issues associated with _______________ heath may take up to 15% of the worldwide disease burden by 2020 as conditions such as depression are growing more prevalent in both developed and developing countries. e. The capsular polysaccharide antigens of S. pneumoniae do not induce immunological memory. b. classical complement and blood-clotting pathways d. massive production of IL-2, IFN-, and TNF- b. Antigenic shift; antigenic drift When iodine and starch are mixed together, they form a bluish-black compound that is easily seen. Zooplankton consume DDT Cells naturally, without using energy, respond to changes in water concentration through the process of - the presence of a defense mechanism that prevents the toxin from reaching its target or repairs the damage that the toxin causes b. the plasma membrane. b. the cytoplasmic tail is truncated Endocrine disruptors like BHA in facial moisturizers - Absorption (dermal) d. the blueprints for making the product, b. a worker in a factory who places labels on products and then packs them into a shipping box. A. Bisphenol A (BPA) - Used to produce plastic-coated items such as linings of cans and bottles, tooth-protecting sealants, and water pipes. Colony collapse disorder is a persistent epidemic that affects ___________________. d. Chdiak-Higashi syndrome - The dose makes the poison. b) Vertical transmission is the transfer of DNA from one type of plant virus to another, and horizontal transmission is the exchange of DNA between two plant viruses of the same type. Which of the following types of organisms are commonly single-celled (unicellular)? b) Formation of the provirus would be stopped. d) Viruses do not represent a single taxonomic group. e. leukocyte adhesion deficiency. True or false: Sick building syndrome refers to symptoms such as headaches, allergies, and chronic fatigue caused by a variety of toxins that build up in poorly ventilated indoor spaces. c. fall below 1000 cells/l What phenomenon has occurred to the perfume molecules that have entered the air? b. susceptibility to Neisseria d. cytosol. d. carbon dioxide (CO2), b. sodium ions (Na+), hydrogen ions (H+), sugars, and amino acids. d. sodium ions (Na+), hydrogen ions (H+), sugars, and amino acids, a. water (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), oxygen (O2). Q. Key points: A virus is an infectious particle that reproduces by "commandeering" a host cell and using its machinery to make more viruses. b. MHC class II chain X=111110201X. 13-14 Epstein-Barr virus-infected cells are poor targets for CD8 T-cell killing because _____. The glucose is then turned back into carbon dioxide, which is used in photosynthesis. The selective absorption and storage of a great variety of molecules inside cells and tissues at levels that are higher than in the environment is called ______. c. a prokaryotic cell without a nucleus. d. Women are more likely than men to inherit X-linked immunodeficiencies. Ebola hemorrhage fever is caused by a ______, and was the source of an epidemic in western Africa in 2014. The measles virus causes nasal and lung infections. d. active transport. a. immune-complex disease Toxic substance - These substances damage or kill living organisms because they react with cellular components to disrupt metabolic functions. These special proteins tell the white blood cells those bacterial cells do not belong to that particular human and to phagocytize (eat) them. Fetal alcohol syndrome is a pattern of mental and physical defects that can develop in a fetus when a mother drinks alcohol during pregnancy. Many important cellular functions in eukaryotic cells occur within membrane-enclosed organelles, such as cellular respiration occurring within the mitochondria. The boundary that surrounds the contents of the nucleus is the Members of a population vary in their level of sensitivity to a toxin. b. exocytosis. a. the cell wall anti-HIV antibodies are detectable in their blood serum. d. The cell should gain weight over time because it is isotonic to the beaker environment and water will be drawn into the cell because of the albumin. b. hemagglutinin Response curve representing a constant rate of response with increasing doors - Line b Viruses can reproduce only using a host cell. b. C3 Poisons that are produced naturally are called ____________ substances. a) Double-stranded DNA viruses This study was reported . - Immunological status affects susceptibility to toxins. This is because the solution on the left side of the figure is hypertonic while the solution on the right side of the figure is hypotonic. Match the dietary consideration to its positive influence on a particular health condition. d. Pandemics; epidemics. b. - educating women. f. CD40 ligand. These changes, called cytopathic effects, can change cell functions or even destroy the cell. c. RNA-dependent DNA polymerase; HIV c. All living cells have membrane-enclosed organelles. b) retroviruses I. Persistence of chemicals can be a concern for health because such ______. - Policy decisions about toxins must address how such materials affect not just humans but also organisms that define and maintain our environment. c. cellular transcription favors the production of HIV-encoded RNA Glyphosate - Used as an herbicide, Roundup c. Both membranes consist of two concentric phospholipid bilayers, are selectively permeable, and have pores. b. sorts proteins and lipids and sends them to their final destination. The nuclear envelope consists of two concentric phospholipid bilayers while the plasma membrane is only one phospholipid bilayer. e. Staphylococcus aureus. c. nuclear pore. Match the term with its correct definition. c. herpes zoster b. sorts proteins and lipids and sends them to their final destination. You isolate an infectious substance that is capable of causing disease in plants, but you do not know whether the infectious agent is a bacterium, virus, or prion. d. the proteasome cannot generate viral peptides for presentation by MHC class I molecules. If a bottle of perfume were spilled in the corner of a large lecture hall, the students sitting near that corner of the room would very quickly smell the perfume. - Allergens act as antigens and stimulate the production of specific antibodies. A. green algae are often unicellular, while land plants are not B. land plants have plastids and green algae do not C. algae have alternation of generations but land plants do not D. land plants have cell walls containing cellulose but green algae do not Today health agencies calculate DALYs rather than mortality rates as a measure of disease burden because ______. Which of the following virus types inserts a double-stranded DNA copy of its genome into the host cell's genome? - for activities we enjoy or find profitable b) They can be controlled by the use of antibiotics. a. pinocytosis. d. extracellular spaces; coating itself with human proteins b. it founded the plymouth colony under a proprietary governor. Which of the following statements explains why, despite these probability calculations, people perceive driving as less risky and are more accepting of the associated risks? Which statement is incorrect regarding internal control in personal computer environment? 13-16 All of the following are associated with superantigens except _____. b. a. bacteria, some fungi (yeast), and many protozoans. - Vegetables, whole grains, and other healthy foods can boost our ability to tolerate toxins. From what substance do liposomes spontaneously form and why are they important? d. It is secreted by CD8 cytotoxic T cells, CD4 TH1 cells, and NK cells. b. rough ER d. nucleus, John David Jackson, Patricia Meglich, Robert Mathis, Sean Valentine, David N. Shier, Jackie L. Butler, Ricki Lewis. What persistent pollutant formerly was used in paint and gasoline and is linked to numerous health concerns such as cancer, reproductive problems, mental issues, behavior problems, and deformities? The Golgi apparatus At times we lack the medicines with which to treat them, as some emergent diseases are caused by drug-resistant strains of a pathogen. a. Because sensory neurons express low levels of MHC class I molecules, they provide appropriate sites for viral dormancy. d. creates energy by converting ribosomes to proteins. 3. Which one of the following accurately describes the cause:effect relationship of ultrasound? b. S. pneumoniae is never completely eradicated during an infection and can reactivate if the host is immunocompromised. The bacterial phage lambda can infect some bacteria and O The envelope is only found on RNA viruses. b. b. purine nucleotide phosphorylase (PNP) b. respiratory syncytial virus b. On a biological level, the main difference is that bacteria are free-living cells that can live inside or outside a body, while viruses are a non-living collection of molecules that need a host to survive. Expert Answer Answer:- option (d) accurately describe the differences between bacteria and virus. a. the cytosol. The POPs of greatest concerns include substances such as chloropyrifos and glyphosate; we are exposed to them primarily by ______ because they are used in the production of ______. The pattern of mental and physical defects that can develop in a fetus in association with high levels of alcohol consumption during pregnancy is called _________________ ______________________ syndrome. Question: Which of the following statements accurately describes a viral envelope? b. the IL-12 receptor a. Some allergens act directly as ______, and the immune system recognizes them as foreign, stimulating the production of specific antibodies. b. b. class II transactivator (CIITA) You have four methods at your disposal that you can use to analyze the substance in order to determine the nature of the infectious agent. - Exposure to carcinogens can result in invasive, out-of-control cell growth that can cause malignant tumors. a) The gp120 glycoprotein would no longer be able to bind to the CCR5 receptor. The plasma membrane of some white blood cells contain ________ that bind with proteins of cells such as bacteria that have invaded the human body. The field that specifically deals with the interactions, transformation, fate, and effects of natural and synthetic chemicals in the biosphere, including individual organisms, populations, and whole ecosystems is ______. Please describe the competing . (Select all that apply.) Other duties may be assigned as deemed necessary or appropriate by management. Membranes budded off of the oil in this mixture. 13-8 _____ is a strategy used by herpesviruses where replication and the generation of virus-derived peptides are avoided in order to hide from the immune response. 13-38 The mode of evolution responsible for the production of recombinant influenza viruses composed of a genome derived from two different influenza variants is called _____. 13-35 Protective antibodies generated in response to influenza virus bind to _____ of the viral envelope. What general cell type are you most likely observing? 80% of antibiotics used in the United States are _______. answer choices. a. is the site where lipids destined for other cellular compartments are manufactured. b) IV Select one: a. Which of the following statements correctly describes one difference between green algae and land plants?